Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
D V Giri
University of New Mexico, Mexico
Keynote: Therapeutic and Diagnostic Uses of Electromagnetic Energy and Emerging Medical Technologies from an Engineering Perspective
Time : 10:00-10:50
Biography:
Dr. Giri has completed his PhD in 1975 from Harvard University. He has over 40 years of work experinece in the field applied electromagnetics. Dr. Giri is a LIFE FELLOW of IEEE, and International Chairman of Commission E, URSI. He has coauthored a book titled High-Power Microwave Systems and Effects published by Taylor and Francis in 1994. He is a co-recipient of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society’s 2006 John Kraus Antenna Award. His second book titled High-Power Electromagnetic Radiators: Nonlethal Weapons and Other Applications has been published by Harvard University Press in 2004. He has also published over 150 papers, reports etc. He is a recipient of 2006 John Kraus Antenna Award by IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society.
Abstract:
In this paper, we wish to review the medical uses of electromagnetic energy both in doagnosis and therapy. The electromagnetic (EM) spectrum ranging from DC to Gamma rays and beyond is a vast natural resource that has been very valuable for mankind. With the rapid advances of medical technology, Radio Frequency (RF) techniques are becoming increasingly popular for a variety of applications such as non-invasive diagnosis, continuous monitoring of physiological data, communication between implanted devices, and communication to external devices. In this paper, we review medical uses of EM energy. Therapeutic applications of EM energy can be broadly classified into two groups as (1) conventional and (2) emerging therapies. Examples of conventional therapies are: a) hyperthermia (thermal therapy), b) MRI, c) X-ray and d) CT scan. In the emerging category are a) THz Imagery and b) implantable devices. Examining the EM spectrum one can observe a dichotomy at about 1015 Hz to delineate non-ionizing and ionizing radiation. At f
=1015 Hz, the quantum of energy associated with the EM radiation is E = hf ~ 4 eV where ‘h’ is the Planck’s constant. Medical applications are possible at many frequencies such as DC, RF, Microwave, X rays and
Gamma rays. In the past decade there have been some remarkable strides made by electromagnetic applications implemented in medical technologies. With the rapid advances in the electronic and digital technologies, some very interesting electromagnetic biomedical applications are being pursued by several researchers. Most of the work is still in the clinical trial stages. The challenges are primarily because of well- known competing technologies. The objective of this paper is to summarize some significant developments with electromagnetics in emerging medical technologies.
- BioMedical Device Engineering | Bio Engineering | Radiation Oncology | Clinical Physics and Patient Safety | Biophysics | Bio Mechanics | Biomedical Physics | Dosimetry
Location: Barcelona, Spain
Chair
Susan B.Klein,
Indiana University Bloomington, USA
Co-Chair
Peter Ertl,
Vienna University of Technology, Austria
Session Introduction
Marta Drazkowska
Poznan University of Technology, Poland
Title: Evaluation of Different Knee Joint Kinematic Models
Biography:
Marta Drazkowska (maiden name Kordasz) has completed her Master Degree at the age of 25 years from Poznan University of Technology, Faculty of Computing, Chair of Control and Systems Engineering. In the same year she has began the PhD studies in the field of rehabilitation robotics. She has participated in the project aiming to construct the knee joint rehabilitation manipulator for patients with Ilizarov apparatus. Her main tasks included adaptive control of 1DOF flexible manipulator enabling execution of basic rehabilitation trainings, as well as the construction of
passive element altering the rotation axis in knee joint.
Abstract:
In this paper we focus on estimation of knee joint kinematics in sagittal plane. Assuming that the femur is a fixed segment during movement, the proper characteristic points are assigned on tibia. The proposed model, namely the Ellipse Normal Method (ENM), approximates the trajectories of each point by the ellipse curves. Therefore, the model could be easily incorporated in the design stage of rehabilitation manipulator.
The passive flexion movement for a seven year old subject, undergoing the distraction osteogenesis, is recorded via single plane fluoroscopy. Specific bone landmarks and shapes corresponding to tibial condyles and shaft are assigned on the images and are used as initial data. The real movement of tibia towards femur is compared with three different approximation models.
The following kinematic models are discussed: the arcs of two circles rolling on the flat plane (proposed by Iwaki et al.), ellipse rolling on another ellipse (proposed by Lee et al.), and ENM. The mechanical axes positions in the function of the flexion angle are evaluated for each presented model. The ENM proves to be the most reliable in terms of approximation of real knee movement.